How Did Termites Get to North America?
WouterTermites are insects that feed on wood and other materials that contain cellulose. They have been around for over 100 million years. Some species have spread to the United States. They are cousins of wood-eating cockroaches. They can also infest homes and buildings.
Most of the species of termites that are native to the United States are found in the tropics. Some are adapted to cold climates. In addition to these termite species, several non-native species have made their way into the US. They can cause up to $5 billion in property damage each year.
Subterranean termites live in colonies. Each colony has distinct castes. They have a system of communication through pheromones. Each caste works to sustain the longevity of the colony.
During the mating season, reproductive termites break off from the original colony and look for mates. Some of the reproductives may become soldiers. These are the next step up in the caste system. They have well-developed mandibles for defense.
During the summer, the reproductives swarm to find a new nest. In the winter, the reproductives return to the colony. They may also bud to look for a new colony. This process of budding is necessary to balance resources.
They build underground nests that are made of soil and wood. These colonies can be as large as 300 feet. They have been found in homes, wooden structures, boats, and high-rise structures. They can be found in the eastern and western U.S.
