Identifying Which Ants Are Poisonous
WouterIdentifying which ants are poisonous can reduce the risk of being bitten. Although most ants are harmless, some species have powerful venom. These ants are aggressive and can cause painful bites. Those that are not allergic to ant venom should be fine in a few hours. However, if you are allergic to ant venom, it may cause a severe allergic reaction that requires hospitalization.
The venom of ants contains a variety of toxins. These are toxic inflammatory enzymes called venom acid phosphatases. Ants have higher levels of venom acid phosphatase activity than wasps.
Another group of toxins is a family of antimicrobial peptides called ponericins. They were originally isolated from three different species of Neoponera. In some ants, they are secreted by the Dufour’s gland. This gland is an accessory organ attached to the venom gland. It produces long-chain primary acetates.
One of the most dangerous ants in the world is the bulldog ant. These ants are aggressive and have little fear of humans. They sting many times in quick succession. They can kill an adult within 15 minutes. They are found in coastal areas of Australia. The bite of these ants is barbless, but can cause infection if the bite is not cleaned properly.
These ants also carry bacteria that can cause food poisoning. The venom is similar to cobra venom. They are considered global invasive pests.
The venom is also composed of several alkaloids. These alkaloids were first reported in the early 1970s. These alkaloids are bitter when ingested. It is unclear where the alkaloids come from.
