How Termites Build Their Mounds
WouterScientists have long been interested in termites and their mounds. These structures are made of soil, sand, and saliva. They are constructed to protect the termites from the harsh environment. They also act as ventilation systems, providing a fresh source of air underground.
Several species build closed mounds, while others construct open mounds with chimneys. The chimney is a pipe-like structure that penetrates the mound’s center. This allows carbon dioxide to flow out of the nest.
A termite colony is a superorganism. Each member has a role, and they work together to protect the other members. Each member of the colony can move up to 250 kilograms of soil per year.
In a recent study, researchers examined how termites built their mounds. They found that termites use a process called “bio-cementation” to strengthen their structures. This process involves the mixing of saliva and moisture with the soil, and then fusing the resulting paste together.
This bio-cementation procedure is thought to strengthen termite mounds and increase their stability. It also enhances their ability to withstand erosion.
Scientists have also found that some termite species build vertical mounds. These are called macrotermitine termites. They enclose ramifying networks of tunnels, cultivating fungi for cellulose digestion.
Another method that termites use to construct their mounds is to collect mud from beneath the earth. These mud towers are arranged according to the climatic conditions of the region. They are then transported to the surface.
Termites have a unique ventilation system that keeps the mound from overheating. This system is facilitated by the porous walls of the mound. It also helps prevent ants from attacking the colony.
