How Do Ants Prevent Flooding?
WouterHaving been bred to survive rain, how do ants prevent flooding? Ants have developed a complex system of protections from rainwater. Anthills are constructed to be water tight and the entrances are usually small. These protective measures prevent water from entering the nest.
In addition to their anthills, some ants build walls of twigs and soil around their nests. These structures are designed to prevent water from entering the nest and protect the colony from drowning. The ants also build short tunnels to drain water out of the nest.
Ants may also construct life rafts, which they float to new dry locations after a flood. These rafts are designed to protect the queen from drowning and provide a safe place for the larvae to survive.
Some ant species build very large rafts to survive a flood. Fire ants, such as Solenopsis invicta, may seek shelter under debris until the waters subside. They can survive for days on end in these rafts.
Ants are also known for building complex tunnel systems to escape flooding. The most obvious example is the ant-made raft, but there are many more. Some ants use spiracles to create air pockets and air tubes to distribute oxygen to their cells. They may even open their spiracles to let carbon dioxide out of their bodies.
Ants can also construct ant mounds, which are large cone-shaped structures that are designed to repel water and protect the colony. Ant mounds also provide a place for the ants to rest after a heavy rain.
