How Do Termites Make Mounds?
WouterTermite mounds are the architectural work of a group of insects called fungus-growing termites. They build magnificent mounds in Indomalaya and Africa. Scientists are puzzled by how termites make mounds.
Termite mounds are composed of fine particles of clay. This fine clay particles are glued together by saliva. These particles are then deposited on the surface of the mound. The mound appears solid, but is actually porous.
Inside, the mound has honeycomb-like structures and chimneys that connect to the central air spaces. The chimneys are used to provide ventilation and to keep the mound from overheating.
The termite mounds of hot tropical countries can become destroyed by rain. However, in regions with more stable climates, subterranean termites can maintain proper temperature and humidity. They construct elaborate cooling and ventilation systems.
They are also known to create fungal gardens. These gardens help the termites to break down timber into nutrients. They also produce heat and help them digest the wood.
Various animals rely on termite mounds to get food. Some eat them, while others use them as lookouts or for other purposes. The construction of these mounds has been a source of interest for many architects.
Researchers have been able to slice mounds into individual sections and study them for structural characteristics. This allows scientists to see how these structures are formed. They have also been able to scan the mounds with lasers.
Researchers have studied how termites make mounds by creating simple models of the mounds. These models predict the relationship between the size, shape, and construction time of natural mounds.
