How Big Are Termites in Hawaii?

Wouter

Termites are a major structural pest that can cause huge damage to Hawaii homes. In 1996, termites were responsible for over $100 million in structural damages to Hawaii properties. These insects are active year-round on all islands of the Hawaiian archipelago.

The Formosan subterranean termite, also known as ground termite, is the most damaging species in Hawaii. These destructive pests live underground and can make colonies of 2 to 10 million individual termites. The colonies are so large that they can seriously jeopardize the structural integrity of a home.

Termites have several unique behaviors. The workers feed the other termites in the colony and tend the eggs. The ovaries produce 2,000 eggs per day. The nymphs grow into reproductives and soldiers. They then travel to a new colony. They shed wings before traveling.

The West Indian drywood termite is the most common species found in Honolulu. These termites are dark brown with a black head. The nest hole is about 1/8 of an inch deep. The nest chamber is excavated for the queen to lay eggs. It is then sealed with a brownish cement-like material.

The Asian subterranean termite, formerly called C. vastator, has been detected in Hawaii since 1963. The first record was in Kualoa Regional Park. However, this species is rarely seen in natural settings. Unlike the Formosan subterranean termite, which was introduced in Hawaii, the Asian termite has been well-established in structures throughout the island.

During a recent survey of light-traps in Hawaii, Cr. brevis alates were captured on half of the trap sites. This type of termite is most common in light-traps, but it may not be attracted to them.

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