Do Termites Have Cells With Cell Walls?
Termites are eusocial insects that live in large colonies and feed on plant biomass. A colony consists of a queen, supplemental reproductives, and workers. The termite queen lays a lot of eggs, and workers carry them to the colony’s specially-constructed cells.
Termite colonies are like an extended family. They have a caste system, and pheromones regulate the number of workers in the colony. Termites are important for recycling dead wood. They are also pests, and may invade wooden structures in homes.
Termites rely on symbiotic bacteria to digest the cellulose in their food. The bacteria produce cellulolytic enzymes that break down the cellulose. These bacteria are present in the termite’s gut. This gut microbiota is essential for understanding the digestion process.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin, Madison have been studying the gut microbiota of termites. The scientists found that young workers’ guts break down a lot of lignin. This discovery is important for biofuel production and other industries.
To better understand the gut microbiota of termites, researchers compared the gut microbiota of two species. The higher termite Nasutitermes aquilinus and the lower termite Cortaritermes fulviceps were studied. The results indicate that the two species have very different gut microbiota. These differences might result from a variety of factors, such as the diet of the termite and the composition of the termite’s host.
Interestingly, the most abundant phylums in the gut microbiome of the higher termite were Firmicutes and Spirochaetes. These phyla represented 2% of the total sequence reads.