How Far Do Jumping Spiders Jump?
WouterJumping spiders are capable of jumping several times their body length. Phidippus regius, a European species, is one example. The individual can jump up to three body lengths and descend up to five body lengths.
Although they are large, jumping spiders do not kill humans. Their bites are typically no more serious than those of a bee sting.
In addition to their jumping abilities, jumping spiders are thought to have excellent vision. They use their eyes for hunting, and also for getting around. They are believed to have the most accurate vision of all spiders. They can see for almost a foot.
Scientists in Manchester used high-speed cameras to observe jumping spiders. They found that the rate of change of the spider’s body plane angles is constant during the jump trajectory.
The take-off angle is a critical factor in the success of the jump. The Phidippus audax can leap with a velocity of 80 to 90 cm/sec. However, it is not known if air resistance is a factor in its ability to jump.
Salticid spiders attach a silk line to the substrate before launching. This line acts as a safety net in case the spider fails to land.
The spider’s internal hydraulic system allows it to leap with limited muscular strength. In addition, the spider’s hind legs serve as the main source of propulsion. It is not yet known if this system also acts as a directional stabilizer in flight.
