How to Tell If Rats Carry Hantavirus
WouterThe early diagnosis of hantavirus disease is difficult and requires a history of contact with rodents and a blood test. Although there is no vaccine or specific treatment, early diagnosis and supportive care can increase a patient’s chances of survival. If the patient has a high suspicion for hantavirus infection, he or she should be transferred to the emergency department or an intensive care unit.
The disease is often characterized by flu-like symptoms and progresses quickly to life-threatening lung and heart problems. The virus can infect anyone through contact with contaminated rodent droppings, urine, or skin. In some cases, the virus can cause respiratory failure and even death.
The risk of contracting hantavirus is very high in areas with frequent rodent infestations. The risk of developing the infection depends on the type of rodents, environmental conditions, and diet. Infected rodents secrete infected fluids for long periods of time. Exposure to rodent droppings and urine is the most common way to contract the disease. People who work with rats or clean abandoned buildings may be at risk.
Although there are no outward signs of hantavirus infection, symptoms can appear nine to 33 days after exposure. The first symptoms include fever, muscle pain, and fatigue. The second phase manifests in the form of dizziness and difficulty breathing. The third phase, which begins four to ten days after the first phase, is more serious, and includes a swollen chest and fluid in the lungs.
