What Phylum Do Fruit Flies Belong To?
WouterThe term fruit fly is used for a wide range of different species of insect that feed on fruit. These insects belong to the Drosophilidae family, which means “dew-loving”. The most well-known fruit fly is the Drosophila melanogaster, but the fruit fly is much more diverse than this. Other common species include olive fruit flies, Mexican fruit flies, and citrus fruit flies. Combined, there are over four thousand species of flies in the Drosophilidae family.
The word “Drosophila” is derived from the Latin word “dracophila,” which means “dew-loving”. The name also describes the wing patterns, which are typically black. Identification of Drosophila species can be made by examining the plumose arista, the bristling on the head, and the wing venation. Many species of Drosophila are domesticated in homes, restaurants, and other food-serving locations.
These insects are important biological pest control agents. Researchers use the Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism to unlock secrets in genetics and certain human diseases. In addition to their role in laboratory settings, fruit flies are an important pest in agriculture and are responsible for destroying up to 100% of some crops.
Fruit flies are omnivores, feeding on fruit, sweets, and plant materials. While the larvae feed on overripe fruit and decaying fruit, adults feed on a wide variety of plant foods. Some species are even specialized for specific types of fruit.
